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A  Description  of  a  View  of  New  York,  now  exhibiting  at  the  Panorama,  Leicester  Square. 


1.  Hudson  River. 

2.  St.  Peter’s  Church. 

3.  Columbia  College. 

4.  Central  Presbyterian  Church. 

5.  Old  State  Prison. 

6.  St.  John’s  Church. 

7.  Hospital. 


8.  American  Hotel. 

9.  St.  Thomas’s  Church. 

10.  Masonic  Hall. 

11.  Reservoir. 

12.  St.  Patrick’s  Cathedral. 

13.  Bridewell. 


14.  New  York  Institution. 

15.  City  Hall. 

16.  Park. 

17.  Rotunda. 

18.  Bowery  Theatre. 

19.  Public  School. 


20.  Athenaeum. 

21.  Baptist  Church. 

22.  Chatham  Square. 

23.  Quaker’s  Meeting. 

24.  Mariner’s  Church. 

25.  Tammany  Hall. 


26*.  Presbyterian  Church. 

27.  Williamsburgh. 

28.  Park  Theatre. 

29-  Wallabought  Bay. 

30.  Navy  Yard. 

31.  Chatham  Street. 


32.  St.  George’s  Church. 

33.  North  Dutch  Church. 

34.  Brooklyn. 

35.  Holt’s  Hotel. 

36.  Baptist  Church. 

37.  East  River. 

38.  Presbyterian  Church. 


39.  Exchange. 

40.  Dutch  Reformed  Church. 

41.  Ditto. 

42.  Custom  House. 

43.  Governor’s  Island. 

44.  Narrows. 


45.  Presbyterian  Church. 

46.  Webb’s  Hotel. 

47.  National  Hotel. 

48.  Adelphi  Hotel. 

49.  Staten  Island. 

50.  Grace  Church. 


51.  Trinity  Church. 

52.  City  Hotel. 

53.  Broadway. 

54.  Bay. 

55.  Bedlow’s  Island. 

56.  Ellis’s  Island. 


57.  Franklin  Hall. 

58.  Jersey  City. 

59.  Hoboken. 

60.  Emmett’s  Monument. 

61.  St.  Paul’s. 

62.  General  Montgomery’s  Monument. 


PRINTED  BY  T.  BRETTELL,  RUPERT  STREET,  HAYMARK.ET. 


DESCRIPTION 


OF 

A  VIEW  OF  THE  CTTY 

OF 

NEW  YORK, 

NOW  EXHIBITING 

AT 

THE  LtEQ(g[EiT[E^ 

PAINTED  BY  THE  PROPRIETOR, 

ROBERT  BURFORD, 

FROM  DRAWINGS  TAKEN  BY  HIM  IN  THE  AUTUMN  OF  1832. 


LONDON : 

PRINTED  BY  T.  BRETTELL,  RUPERT  STREET,  HAYMARKET. 


1834. 


NEW  YORK. 


New  York,  in  point  of  wealth,  population,  and  commercial  enterprize, 
is  the  first  City  in  North  America-,  it  is  also  remarkable  for  the  beauty 
and  salubrity  of  its  situation,  and  the  advantages  of  its  geographical 
position  for  purposes  of  trade  are  unequalled.  Standing  at  the  head  of 
one  of  the  noblest  Bays  in  the  world,  on  a  narrow  promontory,  the  west 
point  of  the  Island  of  Manhatten,  at  the  confluence  of  the  Hudson  and 
East  Rivers,  it  may  he  said,  like  Venice,  to  rise  from  the  sea.  It  is  nearly 
in  the  centre  of  the  Atlantic  States,  possesses  the  advantage  of  a  capacious 
and  excellent  roadstead,  probably  one  of  the  finest  harbours  in  the  world, 
open  at  all  seasons,  an  unusually  extensive  natural  basin,  with  two  outlets 
to  the  sea,  and  a  river  capable  of  containing  all  the  shipping  in  the 
world,  where  the  largest  vessels  run  alongside,  and  discharge  their  cargoes 
on  the  spacious  quays.  By  means  of  the  Sound,  and  its  tributary  waters, 
it  has  the  closest  connection  with  the  State  of  Connecticut ;  through  the 
adjacent  bays  small  vessels  penetrate  in  every  direction  into  that  of  New 
Jersey  ;  the  Erie  and  Champlain  Canals  open  a  communication  with  the 
interior,  and  the  East  River  with  New  England. 

The  present  Panorama  was  taken  opposite  the  city  hall,  about  the 
middle  of  the  Broadway;  from  this  spot  the  eye  embraces  the  whole  city, 
but  from  its  being  built  on  nearly  level  ground,  it  does  not  present  in 
itself  any  very  marked  or  romantic  features  ;  on  the  east  it  is  bounded 
by  the  East  River,  an  inlet  of  the  sea,  beyond  which  are  the  shores  of 
Long  Island,  and  the  town  and  wooded  heights  of  Brooklyn ;  on  the 
west  is  the  Hudson,  or  North  River,  a  mile  in  breadth,  with  a  long  line 
of  shipping  of  all  sizes  and  nations,  to  which  the  romantic  town  of 
Hoboken,  and  the  graceful  undulations  of  the  richly-cultivated  and 
fertile  shores  of  Jersey,  form  a  splendid  back-ground  ;  to  the  south  the 
Bay  presents  its  vast  expanse  of  silver  water,  studded  with  islands,  some 
green  and  pleasant,  with  white  villas  peeping  from  amongst  the  trees, 
others  covered  with  formidable  and  frowning  batteries,  the  view  being 
closed  by  the  heights  of  the  Narrows,  which,  jutting  forward  with  a 
sweeping  bend,  give  a  nearly  circular  form  to  the  immense  basin ; 
in  the  opposite  direction  the  Island  stretches  about  fifteen  miles,  until  it 
is  lost  in  the  continental  part  of  New  York,  from  which  it  is  divided  by 
the  Hariaem  River,  the  whole  under  a  clear  state  of  atmosphere,  and  a 
particularly  brilliant  sky,  forming  a  most  lively,  agreeable,  and  inter¬ 
esting  scene. 

New  York  derives  its  origin  and  commercial  importance  from  the 
colonizing  and  trading  spirit  of  the  Dutch,  and  the  rage  for  adventure 
which  characterized  other  maritime  nations  of  Europe,  after  the  discovery 
of  the  western  continent.  In  1G09,  Henry  Hudson,  a  British  sailor,  in 
the  service  of  the  East  India  Company  of  Holland,  first  entered  the  bay, 
touched  at  Manhatten,  and  ascended  the  river  which  bears  his  name  ;  the 
following  year  his  favourable  report  was  confirmed  by  a  second  visit ;  and 


3 


in  1G12,  the  first  settlement,  called  New  Amsterdam,  was  formed,  on  the 
site  of  the  present  city  ;  at  first  the  Manhatten  Indians  were  hostile,  and 
refused  to  sell  their  land,  but  in  1623  they  permitted  a  regular  fort  to  be 
erected  at  the  junction  of  the  rivers,  and  the  traders,  building  their 
houses  and  stores  near,  formed  the  present  Pearl  Street ;  the  settlement, 
however,  made  but  very  slow  progress,  for  after  it  had  been  established 
thirty  years,  it  contained  only  120  houses,  and  about  1000  inhabitants. 
In  1664,  the  town  was  surrendered  to  Colonel  Nichols,  who,  by  patent 
from  the  Duke  of  York,  was  appointed  its  Governor,  and  its  name  was 
then  changed  to  New  York.  In  a  letter  to  the  Duke,  the  Colonel  describes 
the  place  as  agreeable,  with  many  houses  of  brick  and  stone,  but  the 
inhabitants  as  miserably  poor.  In  1673  the  Dutch  again  had  possession, 
but  the  following  year  it  was  restored;  it  then  contained  380  houses. 
In  1682  the  Duke  of  York’s  charter  was  granted,  which,  with  some  few 
alterations,  is  the  same  at  the  present  time.  From  this  period  the  city 
gradually  increased  in  extent  and  wealth,  experiencing  no  material 
drawback,  with  the  exception  of  being  twice  (in  1712  and  1741)  fired 
by  the  Blacks,  and  a  destructive  fire  in  1776,  which  destroyed  one-eighth 
of  its  buildings;  in  the  latter  year  independence  was  declared,  but  the 
British  retained  possession  until  1783,  when  it  was  surrendered  to  General 
Washington.  When  it  is  remembered  that  but  little  more  than  two 
centuries  have  elapsed  since  the  spot  on  which  the  city  stands  wae  a 
perfect  waste,  the  occasional  residence  of  a  wandering  tribe  of  Indians, 
it  must  be  allowed,  that  it  exhibits  in  its  career  an  almost  unexampled 
rapidity  of  growth  and  prosperity,  having  risen  in  that  comparatively 
short  period  to  be  the  commercial  metropolis  of  the  United  States ;  and, 
in  population,  capital,  shipping,  and  trade,  the  most  important  city  of 
all  America. 

New  York  is  at  the  present  time  nearly  four  miles  in  length,  of  a 
triangular  form,  one  mile  and  a  half  across  at  its  base,  the  whole 
comprising  an  area  eight  miles  in  circumference,  closely  covered  with 
buildings,  and  continually  and  rapidly  extending ;  from  the  battery  at 
the  extreme  ]>oint  several  streets  emanate,  and  run  in  radiating  lines  to 
the  opposite  extremity  ;  of  these  the  Broadway  is  the  principal,  occupying 
the  highest  ground,  and  being  equidistant  from  both  rivers  ;  the  more 
ancient  parts  of  the  city,  towards  the  docks  and  harbour,  are  irregular, 
and  ill  built,  the  original  settlers  having  evidently  had  no  fixed  plan, 
either  of  laying  out  their  streets,  or  in  erecting  their  dwellings;  much, 
however,  has  been  done,  as  opportunity  served,  to  remedy  these  defects. 
In  the  modern  parts,  the  main  streets  are  straight  and  spacious,  in 
parallel  lines,  crossed  at  right  angles  by  others  gradually  descending  to 
the  rivers,  the  whole  comprising  256  streets,  well  paved,  with  footways 
of  broad  slabs  of  gneiss  or  mica  slate,  from  the  quarries  of  Connecticut, 
and  brilliantly  lighted  with  gas  ;  but  the  want  of  drains  or  underground 
channels  is  a  serious  defect,  which,  in  wet  weather,  causes  much  incon¬ 
venience.  The  public  buildings  are  numerous,  a  few  have  some  pre¬ 
tensions  to  architectural  beauty,  but  generally  speaking  they  do  not 
present  any  thing  remarkable  in  their  appearance,  or  claim  particular 
attention  from  their  style  ;  and  to  the  eye  accustomed  to  contemplate  the 
works  of  successive  ages,  as  seen  in  most  European  cities,  they  appear 
trifling.  The  churches  and  chapels,  of  various  denominations,  are  plain 


4 


spacious,  and  convenient;  and  the  numerous  buildings  for  purposes  of 
charity,  education,  and  commerce,  are  well  regulated,  and  supported. 
The  houses,  which  in  1828  numbered  above  30,000,  are  of  every  descrip¬ 
tion,  from  one  to  five  or  six  stories  in  height;  many  are  large,  elegant, 
and  splendidly  furnished,  they  are  mostly  built  of  brick,  painted  red,  and 
lined  with  white,  a  fashion  derived  from  the  Dutch,  which  gives  them  a 
neat  and  fresh  appearance,  and  cheerful  character,  essentially  different 
to  those  of  England  ;  many  are  painted  white,  and  some  of  the  most 
modern  are  wholly  of  white  marble,  which  is  abundant  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  ;  a  few  old  Dutch  buildings,  of  small  red  bricks  from  Holland, 
with  high  pointed  gables  to  the  streets,  still  remain  ;  and  in  the  outskirts 
may  be  seen  wooden  frame  houses  of  one  or  two  stories:  the  growth  of 
the  city  being  in  one  direction,  these  kind  of  buildings  were  generally 
forced  out  of  existence  before  they  had  time  to  decay,  or  were,  as  is  not 
uncommon  in  America,  removed  entire,  as  ground  became  valuable. 
Jt  is  supposed  that  there  are  not  at  present  500  houses  older  than  the 
peace  of  1783.  The  most  fashionable  part  of  the  city  is  that  west  of  the 
Broadway,  the  most  mercantile,  in  the  opposite  direction  ;  that  portion 
east  of  the  Bowery  comprises  a  dense  population  of  the  lowest  orders,  and 
may  be  compared  to  the  Wapping  or  St.  Giles’s  of  London.  In  those 
parts  dedicated  to  retail  business,  the  shops,  or  stores,  offer  considerable 
attractions,  and  are  kept  open  to  a  late  hour,  being  well  lighted  with 
gas  ;  the  names  of  the  proprietors  exhibit  a  strange  mixture  of  all  nations, 
but  principally  English  and  Dutch. 

The  population  of  New  York  at  the  present  time  is  above  200,000  ;  at 
the  census  taken  in  1828,  it  was  180,000,  showing  an  extraordinary 
increase  in  28  years  of  two-thirds,  there  being  in  1800  only  G0,400.  The 
situation  of  the  city,  nearly  surrounded  by  water,  renders  it  extremely 
healthy,  excepting  the  occasional  visits  of  that  scourge  the  yellow  fever, 
which  has  latterly  been  of  rare  occurrence  ;  the  deaths  are  not  the  usual 
average  of  large  cities,  being  only  5000  annually.  To  what  extent  the 
population  may  continue  to  increase,  it  is  impossible  to  foresee,  or  what 
checks  it  may  probably  receive  ;  but  speculating  on  the  prodigious  change 
during  the  last  thirty  years,  and  to  keep  pace  with  other  parts  of  this 
extraordinary  country,  it  may  be  fairly  estimated  that  in  half  a  century 
the  city  will  cover  nearly  the  whole  of  the  Island,  and  contain,  at  least,  a 
million  inhabitants. 

The  black  and  coloured  population  is  about  one  in  fourteen;  yet, 
though  so  numerous,  and  slavery  has  been  abolished  in  New  York  since 
1827,  they  are  still  a  proscribed  and  despised  race  ;  custom  has  planted  a 
barrier  between  them  and  the  whites  of  so  inveterate  a  nature,  that  it  will 
not  speedily  be  removed  ;  there  is  no  reciprocation  of  kind  offices, 
no  connecting  tie  or  good  will,  let  their  character,  condition,  or 
abilities  be  what  they  may  ;  they  cannot  sit  in  a  public  assembly,  court 
of  law,  or  even  the  house  of  God,  except  in  a  particular  quarter,  set  apart 
for  them,  which  is  generally  the  most  obscure.  That  freedom,  so  much 
the  boast  of  the  American,  is  not  extended  to  them,  yet  they  are  a 
happy  industrious  class,  remarkably  gay  in  their  apparel,  lively  in  their 
demeanour,  and  independent  in  their  feelings.  They  are  generally 
employed  as  servants,  but  many  are  persons  of  substance;  they  have 
chapels,  where  blacks  officiate;  and  a  theatre,  where  blacks  perform. 


EXPLANATION  OF  THE  ENGRAVING. 


1. — Hudson  River. 

The  length  of  this  noble  river  (one  of  the  sources  of  wealth  to  New  York),  to  the 
lakes  in  Rssex  and  Hamilton  counties  is  300  miles,  receiving  in  its  course  the  waters 
of  the  Mohawk  ;  it  is  influenced  by  the  tide  as  far  as  Troy,  160  miles,  to  which  place 
it.  is  navigable  for  steam  boats  and  sloops  ;  large  vessels  only  reach  Hudson,  1 15  miles  ; 
where  the  navigation  ends  the  Erie  Canal  commences,  communicating  with  Lake 
Erie,  and  thence  to  the  Ohio,  Missouri,  Mississippi,  &c. ;  about  1200  vessels  are 
employed  on  this  river  for  mercantile  purposes;  the  banks,  which  in  some  places  rise 
very  high,  afford  through  its  whole  course  noble  and  picturesque  scenery. 

2. — St.  Peter's. 

A  plain  brick  building  in  Barclay  Street,  belonging  to  the  Catholics,  erected  in 
1786;  it  has  a  square  tower,  surmounted  by  a  dome  and  cross;  the  interior  is  orna¬ 
mented  with  some  good  paintings,  and  contains  a  fine  organ.  'Ihere  are  four  places 
of  worship  belonging  to  the  Catholics  in  New  York. 

3. — Columbia  College. 

An  extensive  and  handsome  building  of  stone,  stuccoed,  200  feet  in  width,  and 
three  stories  in  height,  surrounded  by  neat  grounds;  it  contains  a  chapel,  lecture 
room,  hall,  library,  museum,  and  apartments  for  the  professors  ;  it  has  a  good  library, 
and  extensive  astronomical  and  philosophical  apparatus.  It  was  founded  by  royal 
charter  in  1750,  and  called  King’s  College;  in  1776  it  was  converted  into  a  military 
hospital;  in  1787  it  was  restored,  and  its  name  altered  to  Columbia  College  ;  and  in 
1816  the  whole  was  thoroughly  repaired  :  the  present  faculty  consists  of  a  president, 
and  seven  professors  of  different  branches.  Captain  Sabine,  who  made  a  series  of 
astronomical  observations  and  experiments  with  the  pendulum,  by  order  of  the 
British  Government  in  1S23,  was  accommodated  with  apartments  in  this  building. 

4«. — Central  Presbyterian  Church. 

A  handsome  building,  92  feet  by  77,  the  front,  in  Murray  Street,  being  of  brown 
stone,  with  pillars,  &c.  in  has  relief;  the  spire  of  wood  is  200  feet  in  height ;  the  pews 
are  ranged  in  an  ainphitheatrical  form,  gradually  ascending  from  the  pulpit. 

5. — Old  State  Prison. 

Recently  sold  to  the  corporation  for  100,000  dollars,  a  prison  capable  of  containing 
1000  persons  in  solitary  confinement,  being  in  course  of  erection  thirty  miles  from  the 
city.  This  building,  when  evacuated,  will  be  converted  into  a  debtor’s  gaol,  bride¬ 
well,  <Nc.  Imprisonment  for  debt  seldom  occurs,  unless  under  very  aggravated 
circumstances. 

6. — St.  John's. 

Erected  in  1810,  at  the  expense  of  200,000  dollars  ;  it  stands  opposite  the  centre  of 
Hudson  Square,  one  of  the  most  fashionable  parts  of  the  city;  the  church  is  111  feet 
in  length  by  73,  wholly  of  stone,  plastered  ;  it  has  a  portico,  of  the  Corinthian  order, 
on  a  noble  ilicht  of  steps,  and  a  handsome  spire,  210  feet  in  height;  the  interior  is 
divided  by  Corinthian  pillars,  in  good  taste,  and  contains  a  fine  organ.  The  Bishop 
of  New  York  has  a  house  adjoining. 

7. — Hospital. 

Between  Anthony  and  Duane  Streets,  in  a  healthy  situation,  on  the  highest  ground 
in  the  city,  with  a  lawn  200  feet  in  length,  gently  sloping  to  the  Broadway ;  the 


6 


building  is  of  grey  stone,  124  feet  in  width,  and  three  stories  in  height,  with  a  small 
cupola;  it  contains  a  medical  library  of  about  4000  volumes,  a  theatre,  laboratory, 
apartments  for  the  resident  physician  and  surgeon,  and  sixteen  wards,  accommodating 
200  patients.  It  was  established  in  1709,  by  subscription,  and  incorporated  by 
charter  in  1778;  the  first  erection  was  destroyed  by  fire  in  1775,  and  during  the  war 
the  new  building  was  used  as  barracks  by  the  British,  not  being  re-opened  as  a 
hospital  until  1791.  The  requisite  funds  arise  from  private  subscription,  a  grant  of 
12,500  dollars  annually,  and  a  trifling  tax  on  seamen’s  wages,  to  defray  the  expenses 
of  the  few  mariners  admitted. 


9. — St.  Thomas's. 

Erected  in  1820,  of  stone,  in  the  purest  Gothic  style;  it  has  two  towers,  80  feet  in 
height,  between  which  is  a  window  of  large  dimensions  ;  the  interior  is  handsome,  the 
roof  being  of  timber,  an  imitation  of  that  of  Westminster  Hall,  carved,  and  painted  to 
resemble  oak ;  an  organ  loft  and  carved  screen  at  the  West  end  are  also  in  good 
keeping  with  the  rest  of  the  building. 

10. — Masonic  Hall. 

The  first  stone  of  this  building,  erected  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Hugh  Reneigle, 
was  laid  in  June  1820,  with  great  ceremony;  the  front  is  Gothic,  of  Eastern  grey 
granite,  with  buttresses  surmounted  by  pinnacles  and  battlements  ;  the  principal 
entrance  is  a  Gothic  arch,  14  feet  in  height,  above  which  a  fine  window,  22  feet  in 
height,  lights  the  principal  apartment,  the  noblest  room  in  America,  being  95  feet 
long,  47  wide,  and  25  high,  in  the  best  style  of  Florid  Gothic ;  the  roof  is  in  imitation 
of  that  of  Henry  VII. ’s  Chapel  at  Westminster,  and  the  whole  is  ornamented  with 
rich  carved  tracery.  This  hall  is  annually  opened  for  the  exhibition  of  the  American 
Institute  for  the  promotion  of  industry,  agriculture,  manufactures,  &c. 

11. — Reservoir. 

New  York  is  partially  supplied  with  water  by  the  Manhatten  Company  ;  the  water, 
being  drawn  from  springs  and  deep  wells,  is  forced  by  a  steam  engine  into  the 
reservoir  in  Chambers  Street,  whence  it  is  distributed  through  the  streets  by  wooden 
pipes  ;  the  supply  is  however  inadequate,  and  the  wells  in  the  old  part  of  the  city  do 
not  afford  wholesome  water. 

12. — St.  Patrick's  Cathedral. 

In  Mott  Street,  erected  in  1815,  the  largest  religious  edifice  in  the  city,  being  120 
feet  in  length  by  80  ;  it  is  of  brown  stone,  in  the  Gothic  style,  and  very  massive ;  the 
walls  rise  to  the  height  of  70  feet,  from  whence  the  roof  springs  in  a  sharp  angle, 
making  the  whole  height  above  100  feet,  forming  with  the  tower  a  most  conspicuous 
object ;  when  completed,  and  the  front  ornamented  with  statues,  for  which  niches 
are  left,  it  will  be  the  most  beautiful  building  in  the  city.  It  contains  a  fine  organ, 
and  has  a  select  and  well  conducted  choir  for  the  performance  of  Catholic  worship. 

14. — Nexo  York  Institution. 

Erected  in  1795  for  alms’  houses,  but  the  paupers  having  been  removed,  in  1814 
the  use  of  the  building  was  granted  by  the  corporation  to  various  scientific  societies, 
for  which  it  is  well  adapted,  being  very  large,  although  not  very  attractive  in  its 
outward  appearance.  The  following  societies  have  apartments:  The  Literary  and 
Philosophical,  established  in  1814,  to  cultivate  the  most  useful  branches  of  knowledge 
in  literature,  history,  antiquity,  and  the  arts  ;  they  have  a  good  library,  collection  of 
models,  subjects  of  natural  history,  <kc. ;  the  chair  of  the  president  was  that  of  the 
celebrated  Franklin.  The  Historical  Society,  established  in  1809  by  subscription, 
and  a  grant  of  12,000  dollars  from  the  Government,  who  have  a  good  collection  of 
portraits  of  early  navigators,  &c.  The  Academy  of  Fine  Arts,  originated  in  1801  by 
the  late  Chancellor  Livingstone,  and  supported  by  subscription;  they  have  a  large 
collection  of  pictures,  statues,  busts,  casts,  and  books  ;  public  exhibitions  take  place 
twice  a  year,  when  pictures  are  sent  from  all  parts  for  exhibition  and  sale;  they 


7 


possess  a  full-length  portrait  of  Benjamin  West,  by  Sir  '1'.  Lawrance,  for  which  2000 
dollars  were  paid;  a  set  of  Piranesio  works,  presented  by  Napoleon  Buonaparte; 
and  the  Galerie  de  Lticien  Buonaparte,  presented  by  himself.  The  Lyceum  of 
Natural  History,  incorporated  in  1818,  which  has  been  of  infinite  service  in  extending 
a  knowledge  of  the  mineral  and  botanical  riches  of  the  country,  and  has  collected  a 
large  and  capital  museum.  And  in  the  west  wing,  facing  the  Broadway,  Seudder’s 
Museum,  a  rare  and  valuable  collection  of  natural  and  artificial  curiosities  of  every 
description,  with  a  series  of  cosmoramic  views  of  celebrated  places.  The  Institution 
for  teaching  the  Deaf  and  Dumb,  Board  of  Health,  Society  for  improving  the 
condition  of,  and  rewarding  domestic  Servants,  and  several  other  societies,  have 
apartments  in  the  building. 

15. — City  Hall. 

The  most  prominent  and  important  building  in  New  York  ;  it  stands  in  the  park, 
and  is  seen  to  advantage  from  all  parts  of  the  city ;  it  was  erected  in  1811,  at  an 
expense  of  £.100,000  sterling;  it  is  of  square  form,  two  stories  in  height,  the  lower  of 
the  Ionic,  the  upper  of  the  Corinthian  order  ;  the  front,  which  is  216  feet  in  breadth, 
and  the  sides,  above  the  basement,  are  of  pure  white  marble  from  Stockbridge, 
Massrchusets,  which  in  this  dry  atmosphere  admirably  preserves  its  colour;  the 
basement  and  other  parts  are  of  brown  freestone,  an  injudicious  mixture  of  colours, 
giving  a  patched  appearance,  and  materially  diminishing  the  apparent  height  and 
simplicity  of  this  otherwise  handsome  building ;  a  marble  balustrade  surrounds  the 
roof,  which  is  covered  with  copper,  and  in  the  centre  rises  a  cupola,  the  four  sides  of 
which  exhibit  illuminated  dials  ;  the  whole  is  surmounted  by  a  figure  of  Justice,  not 
blind-folded,  as  usually  represented.  The  principal  of  the  four  entrances  is  by  a  flight 
of  twelve  marble  steps,  and  a  portico  of  sixteen  columns,  above  which  rises  an  attic 
story.  The  interior  is  well  arranged,  convenience  being  the  presiding  principle  in 
the  design  ;  the  whole  is  appropriated  to  the  use  of  the  corporation,  law  courts,  police 
offices,  &c.,  which  hold  their  meetings  in  many  very  noble  apartments  ;  the  chair  in 
which  Washington  was  inaugurated  first  president,  and  the  banner  which  waved  over 
his  head,  are  carefully  preserved  in  the  council  chamber,  as  interesting  relics  of 
independence. 

1 6. — Parti. 

About  eleven  acres,  enclosed  by  an  iron  railing,  well  planted,  and  interspersed  with 
gravel  w  alks,  forming  an  agreeable  shady  lounge,  much  frequented  by  fashionable 
company  ;  the  Gaol  and  Bridewell,  which  at  present  disfigure  it,  and  occupy  so  much 
space,  are  shortly  to  be  removed. 

18. — Bowery ,  or  Nezo  York  Theatre. 

Erected  in  1826,  on  the  site  of  one  destroyed  by  fire  ;  the  front  is  a  bold  specimen 
of  Grecian  Doric,  executed  in  brick,  painted  to  resemble  marble ;  the  interior  is 
Grecian,  well  arranged,  elegantly  decorated,  and  brilliantly  lighted  with  gas.  The 
admission  is  something  less  than  at  the  Park  Theatre  ;  many  English  performers  of 
note  have  appeared  here,  and  Signora  Garcia  received  the  (to  them)  large  sum  of 
600  dollars  per  night,  for  performing  in  Italian  and  English.  In  1827,  a  French 
Ballet  Company  was  first  introduced,  and  met  with  great  success. 

20. — Athenaeum. 

The  premises  at  present  occupied  by  this  excellent  society  are  at  the  corner  of 
Pine  Street,  but  it  is  expected,  from  the  rapid  increase  of  funds,  that  a  building  on  a 
large  scale,  better  suited  to  the  purposes  of  the  institution,  will  be  shortly  erected  ;  the 
society  was  established  in  1821,  by  a  subscription  of  20,000  dollars,  and  the  members 
are  at  present  divided  into  four  classes — Patrons  paying  200  dollars  for  life; 
Governors  of  100  dollars  ;  Subscribers  of  20  and  10  dollars  annually,  the  former  having 
a  family,  the  latter  only  a  personal  admission  to  the  library,  lectures,  and  reading 
rooms  ;  and  associates,  persons  distinguished  for  their  talent,  who  occasionally  deliver 
lectures  in  various  branches  of  the  Arts  and  Sciences,  in  the  Chapel  of  Columbia 
College;  the  reading  rooms,  furnished  with  the  newspapers,  and  periodical  works  of 
America,  Englaud,  and  France,  are  open  all  day. 


8 


23.  — Quakers'  Meeting. 

A  plain  brick  edifice,  in  the  usual  unpretending  style  of  the  Friends  ;  the  first 
meeting  house  was  erected  in  1704  ;  they  now  have  three  in  the  city. 

24.  — Mariners'1  Church. 

A  small  plain  brick  building  in  Roseveldt  Street,  erected  by  subscription  in  1819; 
it  is  expressly  appropriated  to  the  use  of  mariners  of  all  denominations,  and  the 
Bethel  flag  is  hoisted  on  it  every  Sunday,  to  invite  attendance,  which  is  generally 
numerous. 


25. —  Tammany  Hall. 

Erected  in  1811,  the  head-quarters  of  the  democrats,  and  noted  for  the  meetings  of 
the  party  called  Bucktails.  The  Tammany  Society  takes  its  name  from  an  Indian 
chief  celebrated  for  his  humanity  and  benevolence;  it  was  established  in  1795,  for  the 
purpose  of  distributing  relief  to  the  indigent  generally  ;  it  is  incorporated,  with  an 
annual  stock,  for  charitable  purposes,  of  5,000  dollars. 

28. — Park  Theatre. 

Erected  in  1798  by  subscription,  and  cost  179,000  dollars;  shortly  after  sold  by 
auction  to  its  present  proprietors  for  50,000  ;  the  exterior  is  of  brick,  plastered  and 
painted,  and  the  interior,  which  was  destroyed  by  fire  in  1820,  and  rebuilt,  is  fitted 
with  much  taste  and  splendour;  the  roof  is  shingle  covered  with  tin  ;  there  are  four 
tiers  of  boxes,  and  a  capacious  pit  and  gallery,  capable  together  of  holding  2,800 
persons,  also  large  coifee  and  punch  rooms.  The  usual  prices  of  admission  are 
boxes,  one  dollar;  pit,  fifty  cents;  and  gallery,  twenty-five  cents;  all  English 
performers  of  note  who  have  visited  America,  have  had  engagements  at  this  theatre. 
In  1824  a  ball  was  given  in  aid  of  the  Greeks,  which  realized  2,000  dollars.  In  1825, 
Signor  Garcia  opened  with  an  Italian  Opera  company,  who  were  liberally  patronized. 

32. — St.  George's. 

Next  to  Trinity,  the  oldest  episcopal  church  in  the  city,  having  been  originally 
built  in  1752;  the  parish  was  separated  from  that  of  Trinity,  in  181 L.  The  old 
church  having  been  destroyed  by  fire  in  1814,  the  present  edifice  was  erected;  it  is  a 
plain  substantial  structure,  standing  in  Beckman  Street,  104  feet  long  by  72,  with  a 
tower  and  dock,  and  contains  a  good  organ.  There  are  seven  churches  ot  the 
episcopal  faith  in  the  city. 

34. — Brooklyn. 

A  city  of  some  importance  on  Long  Island,  containing  12,000  inhabitants, 
and  having  in  its  vicinity  many  handsome  villas,  belonging  to  rich  merchants.  Long 
or  Nassau  Island  belongs  to  the  state  of  New  York,  it  is  1 15  miles  in  length  eastward 
from  the  Narrows,  and  in  some  parts  20  miles  in  width  ;  at  New  Utrecht  Bay,  south 
of  the  Narrows,  the  British  Army  landed  in  1770,  from  whence  they  proceeded  to  the 
Red  Mills,  where  a  tremendous  battle  was  fought  on  the  skirt  of  the  hills,  and  then 
to  Brooklyn,  where  they  crossed  the  river  to  New  York,  driving  the  American  Army 
before  them.  Entrenchments  are  still  visible  on  the  hill  in  the  rear  of  the  Navy  Yard, 
and  the  marsh  and  mill  ponds  in  which  so  many  Americans  were  smothered  in  the  dis¬ 
astrous  retreat,  is  near  the  bay  on  the  right.  Newtown,  so  justly  celebrated  for  its 
apples,  so  much  admired  in  London,  is  about  seven  miles  from  Brooklyn. 

35. — Holt's  Hotel. 

In  Fulton  Street,  the  first  house  of  the  kind  opened  in  New  York,  and  still  one  of 
the  largest  and  cheapest ;  refreshment  of  every  kind  may  be  had,  from  the  most 
luxurious  repast,  to  the  simple  julep,  on  reasonable  terms. 

38 . — Presbyterian  Ch u rch. 

The  eighth  Presbyterian  Church,  in  Cedar  Street,  erected  in  1807,  is  a  very  neat 
building  of  stone,  81  feet  by  06,  with  a  small  cupola  ;  a  spacious  session  room,  in  the 
rear,  has  been  recently  erected  ;  there  are  21  places  of  worship  belonging  to  this  sect 
in  New  York. 


9 


99. — Exchange. 

The  first  Exchange  was  erected  in  Broad  Street,  in  1752,  and  was  taken  down  in 
1799  ;  from  that  period  a  coffee  house  was  the  only  place  for  the  merchants  to  meet, 
until  1827,  when  the  present  handsome  structure,  erected  by  subscription  of  2,300 
shares  of  100  dollars  each,  was  opened  in  Wall  Street ;  the  front,  114  feet  in  width, 
and  three  stories  in  height,  is  of  pure  white  marble  from  West  Chester ;  the  main 
building  is  of  brick,  two  stories  in  height,  the  portico,  to  which  there  is  an  ascent  of 
nine  marble  steps,  is  formed  of  four  Ionic  columns,  27  feet  in  height,  each  of  a 
single  block  of  marble  weighing  18  tons,  above  which  is  an  entablature,  on  which 
rests  the  attic  story,  the  whole  being  surmounted  by  a  handsome  cupola,  making  the 
extreme  height  120  feet.  The  merchants’  room  is  a  noble  apartment,  of  an  oval  form, 
85  feet  long,  55  wide,  and  45  high,  ornamented  with  Ionic  columns,  &c. ;  in  the  rear 
is  an  apartment  about  half  this  size,  similarly  ornamented,  devoted  to  sales  by 
auction  of  real  estates  ;  and  above  is  another  for  the  sale  of  merchandize,  dry  goods, 
&c. ;  the  remainder  of  the  building  is  occupied  by  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Board 
of  Brokers,  Host  Office,  Office  and  Reading  Rooms  of  the  New  York  Statesman, 
Insurance  and  Brokers’  Offices,  and  Refreshment  Rooms.  On  the  Cupola  is  a 
telegraph,  being  a  pole  witli  two  movable  arms,  communicating  witli  the  Narrows. 
In  the  vicinity  of  the  Exchange  are  most  of  the  principal  Banking  Houses,  Bullion 
Brokers,  and  Insurance  Offices. 

40. — Dutch  Reformed  Church. 

The  south  or  first  reformed  church,  stands  in  Exchange  Place,  on  the  site  of  an  old 
church  built  by  the  Dutch  ;  it  was  erected  in  1807,  and  is  a  neat  substantial  building 
of  stone,  86  feet  by  66,  having  a  gallery,  and  a  good  organ.  In  the  tower  is  the  bell 
originally  brought  from  Holland  for  the  first  church,  then  used  to  convene  all  public 
meetings.  A  lecture  and  school  rooms  are  attached,  and  the  surrounding  ground 
contains  some  of  the  oldest  tombs  in  the  city.  There  are  thirteen  churches  belonging 
to  the  Dutch  reformed  religion  in  New  York. 

42. — Custom  House. 

A  large  plain  brick  building,  four  stories  in  height,  in  Wall  Street ;  it  was  originally 
built  for  a  book  store  and  reading  rooms,  and  occupies  the  site  of  the  old  City  Hali, 
in  which  Washington  was  installed  first  President  of  the  United  States.  It  contains 
the  Comptroller’s,  Inspector’s,  Collector’s,  and  other  offices  connected  with  the 
customs.  Very  little  smuggling  is  supposed  to  exist  on  this  coast,  and  but  few  frauds 
have  been  attempted,  as  detection  is  almost  certain.  The  revenue  collected  at  this 
port  amounts  to  nearly  one  half  the  sum  collected  by  the  Government  throughout  the 
United  States. 


43. — Governor's  Island. 

Half  a  mile  from  the  city;  it  has  a  large  circular  stone  fort,  with  three  tiers  of 
embrasures,  calculated  to  mount  more  than  100  guns  ;  but  is  in  an  unfinished  state. 
In  the  centre  of  the  island  is  a  small  fort,  connected  with  the  former  by  a  covert 
way,  containing  barracks,  stores,  &c. 

44. —  The  Narroxos. 

The  approach  to  New  York  from  the  sea  is  magnificent;  there  is  the  most  happy 
disposition  of  land  and  water,  varied  and  interesting  scenes  strike  the  eye  on  every 
side,  and  the  most  luxuriant  vegetation  approaches  the  water’s  edge ;  lofty  hills  or 
mountains  are  alone  wanting,  to  give  the  w  hole  a  greater  boldness  of  character.  After 
passing  Sandy  Hook,  the  entrance  from  the  Atlantic,  the  passage  continues  through 
Rariton  Bay,  or  the  outer  harbour,  being  skirted  by  the  shores  of  New  Jersey  and 
Long  and  Staten  Islands.  Five  miles  from  the  city  these  islands  approach  each  other 
within  three  quarters  of  a  mile,  forming  a  strait  called  the  Narrows,  which  is  defended 
by  at  least  400  pieces  of  cannon,  in  fortifications,  principally  erected  during  the  last 
thirty  years.  One  of  these,  called  Fort  La  Fayette,  from  its  having  fired  the  first 
salute  on  the  arrival  of  General  La  Fayette,  in  1824,  stands  on  Hendrick’s  reef,  200 
yards  from  the  shore,  forming  a  prominent  object,  as  it  appears  to  staud  in  the  water. 


10 


45 . — Presby terian  Ch  u  rch . 

In  Wall  Street,  erected  in  1719,  enlarged  in  1748,  and  entirely  rebuilt  in  1810,  a 
handsome  building  of  brown  stone,  97  feet  by  08  feet,  the  front  ornamented  with 
Corinthian  pillars,  in  bas  relief,  and  a  tower  to  correspond,  with  a  low  cupola. 

48. — Adelphi  Hotel. 

At  the  corner  of  Bever  Street,  a  spacious  handsome  edifice,  six  stories  in  height,  of 
brick,  stuccoed  and  painted,  erected  in  1827.  The  hotels  of  New  York  are  numerous, 
large,  and  convenient,  but  are  conducted  on  quite  a  different  system  to  those  of  the 
“  old  country  private  apartments  may  be  had  in  some,  blit  they  generally  provide 
only  sleeping  rooms,  and  these  are  frequently  two,  or  even  three  bedded  ;  the  meals 
are  taken  in  the  public  room,  where  from  fifty  to  a  hundred  persons  sit  down  at  the 
same  time  ;  many  also  who  do  not  reside  in  the  house  joining  the  party.  A  vast 
number  of  dishes  cover  the  table,  and  the  dispatch  with  which  they  are  cleared  is 
almost  incredible  :  from  five  to  ten  minutes  for  breakfast,  fifteen  to  twenty  minutes 
for  dinner,  and  ten  for  supper,  are  fully  sufficient ;  each  person,  as  soon  as  satisfied, 
leaves  the  table,  without  regard  to  his  neighbour;  no  social  converse  follows,  and  the 
common  courtesies  of  the  table  are  rendered  with  as  little  speaking  as  possible.  The 
boarding  houses,  or  pensions,  are  very  numerous,  and  are  very  agreeable  places,  being 
of  all  prices,  to  suit  various  classes  ;  in  the  better  sort  all  the  refinements  and  luxuries 
of  London  and  Paris  are  to  be  found,  and  the  evenings  are  passed  at  music,  dancing, 
See.,  in  well-lighted  and  splendidly-furnished  drawing  rooms  by  those  “  who  hire 
their  board.” 


49.  — Staten  Island. 

A  beautiful  and  healthy  spot,  occupied  as  quarantine  ground,  about  six  miles  from 
the  city.  The  Island  contains  52  square  miles,  and  rises  in  some  parts  to  the  height 
of  300  feet,  Mount  Izard,  and  Tarbarrel  Hill,  being  the  highest  points.  The  shores 
are  finely  indented,  and  the  villas,  cottages,  and  quarantine  buildings,  have  a  pleasing 
appearance,  being  all  white  ;  behind  the  village  the  ground  rises  abruptly  to  a  point, 
crowned  by  a  building,  called  the  pavilion,  from  whence  there  is  a  most  magnificent 
view. 

50.  — Grace  Church. 

An  Independent  Church,  erected  in  1809,  at  the  corner  of  Rector  Street,  a  plain 
brick  edifice,  with  a  small  cupola;  the  rear  is  of  an  elliptical  form,  with  a  terraced 
garden,  in  which  stands  the  rector’s  house ;  the  interior  is  in  good  taste,  having  four 
pillars  on  each  side,  supporting  an  arched  and  panelled  ceiling.  This  being  the  most 
fashionable  church  in  the  city,  the  pews  let  at  a  high  price. 

51. — Trini ty  Church. 

The  first  Episcopalian  Church  in  New  York,  erected  in  1C96,  stood  on  this  site  ;  it 
was  totally  destroyed  by  the  fire  of  1770,  with  many  fine  paintings  and  monuments  it 
contained,  and  remained  in  ruins  during  the  war.  In  1788  the  present  handsome 
structure  was  commenced  ;  it  is  of  stone,  in  the  Gothic  style,  102  feet  long  by  72  wide, 
the  roof  and  tower  ornamented  with  pointed  turrets  and  battlements;  the  steeple  is 
of  wood,  198  feet  in  height,  and  contains  the  only  peal  of  bells  in  New  York;  the 
interior  is  divided  into  a  nave  and  two  aisles,  with  galleries  at  the  sides  and  east  end  ; 
the  roof,  in  three  arches,  is  supported  by  clustered  Gothic  columns ;  from  the  central 
division  hang  three  large  cut-glass  chandeliers,  and  four  smaller  are  suspended  from 
each  gallery  ;  at  the  west  end,  in  an  archway  30  feet  in  height  by  10  in  breadth,  is  a 
monument  to  the  memory  of  Bishop  Hobart,  erected  in  December  1832,  and  executed 
in  New  York  by  Mr.  R.  B. Hughes,  an  English  artist  of  known  and  acknowledged 
talent;  the  whole  is  of  pure  white  marble,  and  the  figures  are  7  feet  in  height; 
the  Bishop  is  represented  in  his  dying  moments,  in  a  reclining  posture,  with 
his  hands  resting  on  the  bible ;  a  female  figure,  representing  religion,  supports  him 
with  her  left  arm,  and  with  her  right  directs  his  attention  to  across  above,  surrounded 
by  gl°ry  ;  tile  recess  is  lighted  by  a  large  concealed  window,  of  stained  glass,  which 
throw's  a  stream  of  mellow  light  over  the  whole,  producing  an  extraordinary  and 
almost  magical  effect.  This  is  considered  the  finest  work  of  art  in  America.  In  the 
cemetery  surrounding  the  church  (about  an  acre  of  ground),  160,000  persons  have 


11 


been  buried,  omitting  the  time  of  the  revolutionary  war,  when  no  record  was  kept ; 
the  ground  was  presented  to  the  vestry  by  the  corporation,  in  1702,  and  was  finally 
closed  in  1822,  since  which,  willows  and  ornamental  trees  have  been  planted  ;  amongst 
the  many  monuments  are  two  deserving  notice,  the  one  a  Corinthian  column,  broken 
short,  with  the  capital  lying  at  the  base,  commemorates  the  fate  of  Captain  Lawrance, 
who  fell  in  the  memorable  action  between  the  Shannon  and  the  Chesapeake ,  which 
latter  ship  he  commanded ;  the  other  is  to  the  memory  of  General  Hamilton,  who 
served  with  distinction  under  Washington,  and  ranked  high  as  a  statesman;  he  was 
killed  in  a  duel  in  1804,  by  Colonel  Burr,  the  vice-president  of  the  United  States. 
The  funds  of  Trinity,  the  mother  church  of  the  Episcopalian  establishment  in  America, 
are  very  rich  ;  much  is  judiciously  expended  in  erecting  and  repairing  other  churches, 
and  in  works  of  beauty  and  utility  in  the  city. 

53.  — Broadway. 

The  Regent  Street  of  New  York,  and  the  pride  of  the  metropolis  of  the  Western 
world  ;  it  runs  in  a  straight  line,  from  the  Battery  (which  is  planted  as  a  promenade) 
to  the  extremity  of  the  city,  above  three  miles  ;  but  when  the  present  plan  is  com¬ 
pleted,  it  will  be  at  least  eight,  the  breadth  is  about  90  feet ;  in  it  are  the  City  Hall, 
four  of  the  largest  churches,  several  of  the  best  public  buildings,  and  the  first  hotels, 
boarding  houses,  private  dwellings,  and  lottery  offices,  and  the  principal  retail  stores 
of  the  goldsmiths,  jewellers,  booksellers,  and  dealers  in  other  “  fancy  and  variety  dry 
goods.”  Trees  decorate  the  park,  the  entrance  to  the  hospital,  St.  Paul’s  and 
Trinity  Churches,  and  other  parts,  altogether  a  more  beautiful  street  no  other  city 
can  boast ;  the  shops  do  not  make  the  same  display  as  those  of  London,  aud  are  often 
of  very  mean  exterior,  but  they  contain  riches  from  all  parts  of  the  world,  canvas 
blinds  are  generally  stretched  from  the  tops  to  posts  of  a  convenient  height  at  the 
extremity  of  the  pavement.  The  fashionable  time  for  the  promenade  in  this  “  temple 
i  of  art  aud  fashion”  is  from  one  till  three  o’clock,  when  the  scene  is  as  bustling, 
varied,  and  brilliant,  as  an  oriental  fair;  the  gay  and  idle  then  throng  the  street,  to 
stare  and  be  stared  at ;  graceful  belles  in  the  newest  and  most  fashionable  Parisian 
style,  gauze  bonnets,  silk  dresses,  and  satin  shoes,  may  be  seen  in  the  depth  of  winter  ; 
dandies  fresh  from  the  tailors,  some  perhaps  carrying  home  a  leg  of  mutton  or  some 
such  delicacy,  no  uncommon  sight ;  accurately  apparelled  quakers,  settlers  in  loose 
coats  and  straw  hats,  blanketted  Indians,  merry  children,  servants  with  luxuries,  and 
milliners  with  bandboxes  ;  in  short,  an  endless  variety  of  character  and  costume.  The 
carriages  are  also  very  numerous,  they  are  light  and  neat,  every  thing  in  America 
being  for  convenience,  they  are  generally  driven  by  a  black  coachman,  in  plain 
clothes,  and  have  no  powdered  or  bedizened  footman  behind,  or  armorial  bearings  on 
the  panels. 

54.  —  The  Bay. 

The  bay  of  New  York  is  the  finest  in  the  United  States,  capacious,  secure,  with  a 
depth  of  water  of  from  six  to  eight  fathoms,  and  a  tide  seldom  rising  or  falling  more 
than  6  feet,  it  consequently  admits  ships  of  any  burthen.  It  is  estimated  that  the 
value  of  the  merchandize  shipped  and  unshipped  at  this  port  annually,  amounts  to 
above  100  millions  of  dollars.  The  number  of  vessels  generally  in  port,  in  the  busy 
season,  is  from  500  to  700,  and  50  steam  boats;  they  extend  in  a  line  about  three  miles 
close  to  the  city,  there  being  no  docks,  but  piers  projecting  at  right  angles  into  the 
river,  leaving  intermediate  slips,  which  have  all  the  advantages  of  wet  docks,  without 
any  of  their  inconveniences ;  in  1827,  22,000  passengers  were  landed  at  New  York 
from  foreign  parts. 

55. — Bedloes  Island. 

A  well  fortified  station,  formerly  used  as  a  small  pox  hospital,  and  purchased  in 
1758,  by  the  Corporation,  for  a  lazaretto.  In  1794  it  was  fortified,  and  two  years  after 
1  given  up  to  the  State,  for  the  nominal  sum  of  eight  shillings. 

56. — Ellis  Island. 

A  strongly  fortified  spot  commanding  the  Narrows,  so  that  no  vessel  can  pass 
I  without  being  raked  by  its  guns. 


59- — Hoboken. 

A  beautiful  spot  on  the  Jersey  shore,  to  which  steani  boats  cross  every  quarter  of  an 
hour.  Colonel  Stevens  has  here  an  elegantvilla,  the  grounds  surrounding  which,  to  a  con¬ 
siderable  extent,  are  simply,  but  tastefully  laid  out  as  a  public  walk,  much  frequented 
by  Hie  citizens  in  fine  weather;  a  broad  belt  of  light  underwood  and  flowering  shrubs, 
studded  at  intervals  with  forest  trees,  runs  for  two  miles  on  the  borders  of  the  cliff 
overhanging  the  Hudson,  and  broad  gravel  walks  lead  through  this  to  every  part 
where  the  scenery  may  be  viewed  to  advantage.  Hoboken  being  out  of  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  city,  affairs  of  honour  are  generally  settled  at  the  duelling  ground 
under  the  high  bank,  a  little  above  the  landing  place,  only  approachable  by  water  ; 
at  this  place  General  Hamilton  was  shot. 

60. — Emmett's  Monument. 

A  single  block  of  white  marble,  32  feet  in  height,  ornamented  w  ith  the  American 
Eagle  sheltering  the  Irish  harp  unstrung,  also  a  medallion  of  the  deceased,  and  two 
hands  united,  the  wrist  of  one  encircled  by  a  wreath  of  stars,  the  other  by  a  shamrock, 
with  inscriptions  in  Latin  and  Irish. 

61. — St.  Paul's. 

A  handsome  building  of  stone,  erected  in  1765  ;  towards  the  Broadway  it  presents 
a  portico  of  the  Ionic  order,  of  four  fluted  pillars,  supporting  a  pediment,  with  a  niche 
containing  a  statue  of  St.  Haul ;  beneath  the  large  window  is  a  handsome  monument 
to  the  memory  of  General  Montgomery,  who  fell  in  the  unsuccessful  attack  on 
Quebec  in  1775.  At  the  west  end  is  a  tower  and  steeple,  erected  in  1794,  the  three 
divisions  of  which  are  ornamented  with  columns,  &c.,  in  the  Ionic,  Corinthian,  and 
Composite  orders,  the  whole  crowned  by  a  spire  of  wood,  making  the  extreme  height 
of  234  feet ;  the  interior  is  Corinthian,  with  columns  supporting  an  arched  roof,  from 
which  are  suspended  eight  cut-glass  chandeliers.  In  the  chancel  is  a  tablet  to  the 
memory  of  Sir  John  Temple,  the  first  consul-general  to  the  United  States,  also  one  to 
the  w'ife  of  the  British  Governor  of  Jersey,  who  died  of  grief  in  being  separated  by 
events  from  her  husband.  In  tbe  centre  of  the  church-yard  is  a  handsome  monument, 
erected  by  Kean,  to  the  memory  of  G.  F.  Cooke,  with  this  inscription — 

“  Three  kingdoms  claim  his  birth, 

Both  hemispheres  pronounce  his  worth.” 

There  is  also  an  Egyptian  obelisk  to  the  memory  of  Thomas  Emmett,  an  eminent 
counsellor  of  New  York,  brother  to  the  celebrated  Emmett,  who  suffered  during 
the  Irish  rebellion. 


FINIS. 


A  VIEW 


OF 

THE  FALLS  OF  NIAGARA 


IS  NOW  OPEN. 


Printed  by  T.  Brettelt,  Rupert  Street,  Haymarlcet. 


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